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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
Categories: Causes hemolysis; motile
Etymology: Genus name: short spiral
Species epithet: from pig with dysentery
Significance:  [Very important]   
Alternative Species Name(s):Treponema hyodysenteriae, Serpula hyodysenteriae, Serpulina hyodysenteriae
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Spirochaetota
Class
Spirochaetia
Order
Brachyspirales
Family
Brachyspiraceae 
Genus
Brachyspira
Type Strain: B78 = ATCC 27164 = NCTC 13041
Macromorphology (smell):
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  
Forms small irregular colonies (0.1-1 mm in diameter) spread over the agar surface (the bactera "swarm" on the agar plate). Gives a strong hemolysis on blood agar.
Micromorphology:
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  
Thin (0.3-0.4 x 6-11 µm), spiral shaped and motile. Has 22-28 periplasmic flagella (endoflagella or axial filaments) per cell.
Video: Video clip showing the motility of this species.
Gram +/Gram -:G- (Uppträder som G -, men har en annan typ av cellvägg).
Metabolism: Anaerobic, but aerotolerant
Catalase/Oxidase:
Other Enzymes: Tryptophanase (indol) +, hippuricase -, α-galactosidase -, β-glucosidase +
Fermentation of carbohydrates: D-ribose -
Spec. Char.:
Special Media:
Disease:
HostsDiseaseClinical picture
PigsSwine DysenteryDiarrhea (mostly growing pigs) with blood and mucous, high mortality if not treated
Genome Sequence:
Acc-noStrainSize (bp)GenomeRef.
CPOO1357 & CPOO1360 WA1 3 036 634 1c + 1c Nr 93
Storleken på plasmiden är 35 940 bp.

16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
U14930 (T) 1433 
Ribosomala RNA-gener är inte organiserade i ett enda rRNA operon hos B. hyodysenteriae.

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  Brachyspira hyodysenteriae  
Seven species with standing in nomenclature has been described within genus Brachyspira. About 10 additional species have been reported, but their names have not been approved. Some of these species have been included in the phylogenetic trees and their names are given within quotation marks (see Fig. 97:5 and 6). All species within the genus Brachyspira are very closely related, but "B. corvi", B. aalborgi and B. pilosicoli differ significantly from the other species.
Reference(s): No. 9, 43, 44, 64, 92
Link: The Swedish Brachyspira, Leptospira and Treponema Group
Updated:2023-03-08

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