| Species/Subspecies: | Gallibacterium anatis | ||||||||
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| Category: | Causes hemolysis | ||||||||
| Etymology: | Genus name: bacterium of chicken. Species epithet: of a duck. | ||||||||
| Significance: | [Of minor importance] | ||||||||
| Alternative Species Name(s): | Pasteurella anatis | ||||||||
| Taxonomy: | Class Gammaproteobacteria Order Pasteurellales Family Pasteurellaceae Genus Gallibacterium |
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| Type Strain: | F 149 = ATCC 43329 = CCUG 15563 = CCUG 26456 = NCTC 11413. | ||||||||
| Macromorphology (smell): | Biovar haemolytica gives hemolysis on blood agar, but not biovar anatis. | ||||||||
| Micromorphology: | Nonmotile cockoid rods. | ||||||||
| Gram +/Gram -: | G- | ||||||||
| Metabolism: | Facultatively anaerobic | ||||||||
| Catalase/Oxidase: | +/V | ||||||||
| Other Enzymes: | Ornithine decarboxylase -, tryptophanase -, urease -. | ||||||||
| Biochemical Tests: | Citrate -, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) -, methyl red -, Voges-Proskauer -. | ||||||||
| Fermentation of carbohydrates: | D-glucose + lactose v maltose - L-rhamnose ? sucrose + L-arabinose - cellobiose - D-mannitol + salicin ? trehalose + glycerol (+) inulin - raffinose v D-sorbitol - starch ? |
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| Spec. Char.: | |||||||||
| Disease: | Septicemic disease in poultry |
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| Hosts: | |||||||||
| Clinical Picture: | Lesions in multiple organs, such as salpingitis and oophoritis | ||||||||
| Virulence Factors: | G. anatis has a large RTX-like toxin (GtxA), which induces a strong leukotoxic effect on avian macrophages. Furthermore, this bacterium also has a capsule and fimbriae. | ||||||||
| 16S rRNA Seq.: |
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| Taxonomy/phylogeny:
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Four species have been described within genus Gallibacterium, which are relatively close to members of the genus Avibacterium. | ||||||||
| Comment: | There are two biovars: anatis and haemolytica. | ||||||||
| Updated: | 2023-03-29 |