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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Metamycoplasma hyosynoviae
Etymology: Genus name: besides Mycoplasma (fungus shaped).
Species epithet: from joint fluid of pig.
Significance:Worldwide distribution.
  [Important]   
Alternative Species Name(s):Mycoplasma hyosynoviae
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Mycoplasmatota
Class
Mollicutes
Order
Mycoplasmoidales
Family
Metamycoplasmataceae 
Genus
Metamycoplasma
Type Strain: S16 = ATCC 25591 = NCTC 10167.
Macromorphology (smell): Forms small and very typical umbonated colonies ("fried egg appearance"), which can be observed in a microscope.
Micromorphology: The cells are coccoid to filamentous.
Gram +/Gram -:G-, but is normally not gram stained because the cells will then be fragmented.
Metabolism: Energy source: glucose (pH is decreased).
Catalase/Oxidase:?/-
Other Enzymes: Urease -
Fermentation of carbohydrates: Glucose +
Spec. Char.: Lacks a cell wall. Optimal growth temperature: 37°C.
Special Media:
Disease:
HostsDiseaseClinical picture
Pigs (10-30 weeks of age)PolyarthritisPolyarthritis (inflammation in several joints simultaneously) caused by M. hyosynoviae is self-limiting and causes transient lameness.
16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
U26730 S16T 1499  

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
Metamycoplasma hyosynoviae  
About 25 species have been described within the genus Metamycoplasma.

Note that the letter M in the phylogenetic tree (Fig. 216:1) can mean Mycoplasma, Mesomycoplasma, Metamycoplasma, Mycoplasmoides or Mycoplasmopsis.

Comment:Based on whole genome sequencing, the taxonomy of mycoplasmas has recently undergone a comprehensive revision. The new taxonomy has now been introduced in VetBact, but it will still be possible to search for the alternative species names. Read more about the revised taxonomy of the mollicutes under the Term list of VetBact and see also reference 164 below.
Reference(s): No. 164
Updated:2023-03-15

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