| Species/Subspecies:
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Staphylococcus epidermidis |
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| Etymology:
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Genus name: bunch of grape-like cocci (coccus means a grain or berry)
Species epithet: of epidermis (=the outer layer of skin). |
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| Significance: | [Of minor importance]
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| Taxonomy:
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| Phylum | Class | Order | Family | Genus |
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| Firmicutes | Bacilli | Bacillales | Staphylococcaceae | Staphylococcus |
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| Type Strain:
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ATCC 14990 = CCUG 18000 A = CCUG 39508 = NCTC 11047. |
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Macromorphology (smell):
   | Medium sized, white, opaque and flat colonies (1-2 mm in diameter). Does not produce hemolysis on blood agar. |
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| Micromorphology:
| Non-motile cocci (0.8-1 µm in diameter), which often appear in pairs or in tetrads. May also appear as single cells or in small clusters. |
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Gram +/Gram -:
 | G+ |
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| Metabolism:
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Facultatively anaerobic |
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| Catalase/Oxidase: | +/- |
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| Other Enzymes:
| Esculinase -, coagulase -, ornithine decarboxylase -, tryptophanase -, urease +. |
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| Biochemical Tests:
| Citrate -, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) +, methyl red -, Voges-Proskauer +. |
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Fermentation of carbohydrates:
 |
| D-Glucose | Lactose | Maltose | L-rhamnose | Sucrose |
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| + | + | + | - | + | | L-Arabinos | Cellobios | D-mannitol | Salicin | Trehalose |
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| - | - | - | - | - | | Glycerol | Inulin | Raffinose | D-sorbitol | Starch |
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| + | ? | - | ? | - |
Other carbohydrates: inositol -, xylose +, galactose -, dulcitol -. |
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| Spec. Char.:
| Can form a capsule or biofilm consisting of teichoic acid and other components (on e.g. implants).Optimal growth temperature: 30-37°C. |
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| Hosts:
| Different animal species including cattle, dog, horse and humans. |
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| Disease (Swedish): | Tillhör hudens normalflora, men kan ibland orsaka opportunistiska infektioner.
Nötkreatur: mastit och sårinfektioner.
Övriga djurslag: sårinfektioner. |
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| Disease (English): | Belongs to the normal flora of the skin, but may occasionally cause opportunistic infections.
Cattle: mastitis och wound infections.
Other animals: wound infections. |
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| Clinical Picture:
| |
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| Genome Sequence:
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| Acc-no | Strain | Size (bp) | Genome |
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| NC_004461 | ATCC 12228 | 2 499 279 | 1l + 6l |
Två stammar har sekvenserats och de hade 1 eller 6 plasmider.
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| 16S rRNA Seq.:
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| Acc-no | Strain | Number of NT | Operon | Sequence similarity |
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| D83363 | ATCC 14990T | 1 475 | 5 | 99.87 - 99% |
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| Taxonomy/phylogeny:
|
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| Comment: | S. epidermidis is often found as contaminant of clinical samples. S. epidermidis belongs to the group coagulase negativs staphylococci (CNS). |
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