| Species/Subspecies:
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Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica |
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| Etymology:
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Genus name: named after the American bacteriologist D. E. Salmon.
Species epithet: of the gut
Subspecies epithet: see Species epithet. |
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| Significance: | [Very important]
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| Old Species Name(s): | Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis |
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| Taxonomy:
|
| Phylum | Class | Order | Family | Genus |
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| Proteobacteria | Gammaproteobacteria | Enterobacteriales | Enterobacteriaceae | Salmonella |
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| Type Strain:
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LT2 (serovar Typhimurium) = ATCC 43971 = NCTC 12416. |
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Macromorphology (smell):
   | Medium sized greyish colonies (2-4 mm in diameter). |
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| Micromorphology:
| Motile rods (0.7-1.5 x 2.0-5.0 µm) with peritrichous flagella |
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Gram +/Gram -:
 | G- |
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| Metabolism:
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Facultatively anaerobic |
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| Catalase/Oxidase: | +/- |
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| Other Enzymes:
| Ornithine decarboxylase +, tryptophanase - (= indol -), urease - |
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| Biochemical Tests:
| Citrate + |
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| Fermentation of carbohydrates:
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| D-Glucose | Lactose | Maltose | L-rhamnose | Sucrose |
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| + | - | + | + | - | | L-Arabinos | Cellobios | D-mannitol | Salicin | Trehalose |
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| + | - | + | - | + | | Glycerol | Inulin | Raffinose | D-sorbitol | Starch |
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| - | ? | - | + | ? |
Other carbohydrates: Dulcitol +. Cf. subsp. arizonae. Sorbose phosphate -. Ferments glucose under production of gas and acid. |
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| Spec. Char.:
| |
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Special Media:
  
   | BG agar, MSRV agar and XLD agar are often used for S. enterica subsp. enterica. As fluid medium, BPW and RVS broth are used. |
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| Hosts:
| The serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis are common in different species (including humans). Serovar Dublin is often found in cattle. The serovars Choleraesuis and Derby are particularly associated with pigs. The serovars Livingstone, Gallinarum and Pullorum are associated to poultry. Serovar Diarizonae is associated to sheep. |
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| Disease (Swedish): | Salmonella (matförgiftning) |
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| Disease (English): | Human gastroenteritis (salmonellosis) |
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| Clinical Picture:
| Diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and fever. |
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| Genome Sequence:
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| Acc-no | Strain | Size (bp) | Genome |
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| NC_006905 | SC-B67 (Serovar Choleraesuis) | 4 755 700 | 1c + 2l |
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| 16S rRNA Seq.:
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| Acc-no | Strain | Number of NT | Operon |
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| X80681
| ATCC 13311 | 1540 | 7 |
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| Taxonomy/phylogeny:
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|
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| Legislation:
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Salmonella infections are zoonotic, notifiable in Sweden and some of them are regulated by the law of zoonosis. S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi, belongs to category B, as possible biological weapon according to NIAID |
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| Comment: | There are at least 2600 different serovars of S. enterica subsp. enterica. |
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| Reference(s):
| No. 118 |
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