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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Clostridium novyi
Categories: Spore forming; motile
Etymology: Genus name: a small spindle.
Species epithet: named after the American bacteriologist F.G. Novy.
Significance:  [Important]   
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Bacillota
Class
Clostridia
Order
Clostridiales
Family
Clostridiaceae 
Genus
Clostridium
Type Strain: ATCC 17861 = NCTC 13029.
Macromorphology (smell):
 
Form medium sized colonies (1-5 mm in diameter), which can easily spread as a contiuous film over the entire plate (the bacteria "swarm").
Micromorphology: Large rods, which usually are motile. Produce oval spores, which are terminal or subterminal and may cause the cell to swell.
Gram +/Gram -:
 
G+
Metabolism: Anaerobic
Catalase/Oxidase:-/-
Other Enzymes: Esculinase -, lecithinase (+), tryptophanase (+).
Fermentation of carbohydrates:
D-glucose
?
lactose
-
maltose
v
L-rhamnose
-
sucrose
-
L-arabinose
-
cellobiose
-
D-mannitol
-
salicin
(-)
trehalose
-
glycerol
?
inulin
-
raffinose
-
D-sorbitol
-
starch
-
Other carbohydrates: Xylose -.
Spec. Char.:
Disease:Infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease)
Hosts: Sheep, cattle
Clinical Picture:
Virulence Factors: Necrotizing α-toxin, β-toxin (lechitinase), γ-toxin (phopholipase C), δ-toxin (oxygen-labile hemolysin), ε-toxin (lipase), ζ-toxin (hemolysin), η toxin (tropomyosinase) and θ-toxin (lipase).
Genome Sequence:
Acc-noStrainSize (bp)Genome
NC_008593 NT 2 547 720 1 c + 0 

16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
L37594 ATCC 17861T 1 452 10 

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
 
About 180 differens species have been descibed within genus Clostridium. C. novyi is very closely related (phylogenetically) to C. botulinum group III and C. haemolyticum.
Comment:Two types of C. novyi, A and B, have been defined. Both type A and B produce α-toxin, but type A also produces γ-and ε-toxin. Some strains of type A also produces δ-toxin. Type B strains produce β-, ζ- and η-toxin. Some type B strains also produce θ-toxin.
Reference(s): No. 33
Link: Clostridia.net
Updated:2023-03-08

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