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Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Veterinary bacteriology: information about important bacteria
Veterinary bacteriology


Species/Subspecies: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Categories: Causes hemolysis; primarily of interest in human medicin
Etymology: Genus name: twisted (like a chain) coccus (coccus means a grain or a berry and referrs to any spherical microorganism)
Species epithet: of pneumonia
Significance:  [Important]   
Taxonomy:
Phylum
Bacillota
Class
Bacilli
Order
Lactobacillales
Family
Streptococcaceae 
Genus
Streptococcus
Type Strain: ATCC 33400 = CCUG 28588 = NCTC 7465.
Macromorphology (smell): Small colonies (0.5-1 mm in diameter) after incubation for 24 h at 37°C on blood agar. Strong alpha-hemolysis (greenish) on blood agar under aerobic cultivation.
Micromorphology: Nonmotile cocci (0.5-1.25 microns in diameter) in pairs or in short chains.
Gram +/Gram -:G+
Metabolism: Facultatively anaerobic
Catalase/Oxidase:-/
Other Enzymes: Esculinase v, hippuricase -, urease -
Biochemical Tests: Voges-Proskauer -
Fermentation of carbohydrates:
D-glucose
+
lactose
+
maltose
+
L-rhamnose
?
sucrose
+
L-arabinose
+
cellobiose
?
D-mannitol
v
salicin
v
trehalose
v
glycerol
+
inulin
+
raffinose
+
D-sorbitol
-
starch
v
Other carbohydrates: amygdalin -, ribose -
Spec. Char.: Can grow from 25°C to 42°C.
S. pneumoniae can form polysaccharide capsules of about 100 different serotypes.
Disease:Septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis
Hosts: Man, primates and rodents
Clinical Picture:
Virulence Factors: Invasins (pneumolysin), capsule, etc.
Genome Sequence:
Acc-noStrainSize (bp)Genome
NC_008533 D39 2 046 115 1c + 0 

16S rRNA Seq.:
Acc-noStrainNumber of NTOperon
AF003930 (T) 1515 

Taxonomy/phylogeny:
 
About 100 species have been described within the genus Streptococcus. Many species within the genus Enterococcus have earlier been classified as streptococci and, thus, they are closely related.
Comment:Belongs to Lancefield's group NG (= non-groupable) streptcocci.
Updated:2023-03-08

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